People's conceptions about themselves and the nature of things are developed and verified through four different processes: direct experience of the effects produced by their actions, vicarious experience of the effects produced by somebody else's actions, judgments voiced by others, and derivation of further knowledge from what they already know by using rules of inference
Albert BanduraThe presence of many interacting influences, including the attainments of others, create further leeway in how one's performances and outcomes are cognitively appraised
Albert BanduraDiscrepancies between self-efficacy judgment and performance will arise when either the tasks or the circumstances under which they are performed are ambiguous
Albert BanduraThe effects of outcome expectancies on performance motivation are partly governed by self-beliefs of efficacy
Albert BanduraIncongruities between self-efficacy and action may stem from misperceptions of task demands, as well as from faulty self-knowledge
Albert Bandura