The President, and government, will only control the militia when a part of them is in the actual service of the federal government, else, they are independent and not under the command of the president or the government. The states would control the militia, only when called out into the service of the state, and then the governor would be commander in chief where enumerated in the respective state constitution.

Effective resistance to usurpers is possible only provided the citizens understand their rights and are disposed to defend them.

Measures which serve to abridge the free competition of foreign Articles, have a tendency to occasion an enhancement of prices.

While the constitution continues to be read, and its principles known, the states, must, by every rational man, be considered as essential component parts of the union; and therefore the idea of sacrificing the former to the latter is totally inadmissible.

There may be in every government a few choice spirits, who may act from more worthy motives. One great error is that we suppose mankind more honest than they are. Our prevailing passions are ambition and interest.

The genius of the people will ill brook the inquisitive and peremptory spirit of excise laws.

The deliberative sense of the community should govern.