Memory is therefore, neither Perception nor Conception, but a state or affection of one of these, conditioned by lapse of time. As already observed, there is no such thing as memory of the present while present, for the present is object only of perception, and the future, of expectation, but the object of memory is the past. All memory, therefore, implies a time elapsed; consequently only those animals which perceive time remember, and the organ whereby they perceive time is also that whereby they remember.

Whether we will philosophize or we won't philosophize, we must philosophize.

To know what virtue is is not enough; we must endeavor to possess and to practice it, or in some other manner actually ourselves to become good.

No one chooses what does not rest with himself, but only what he thinks can be attained by his own act.

The only stable state is the one in which all men are equal before the law.

Happiness is activity.

A city is composed of different kinds of men; similar people cannot bring a city into existence.