Friction is the only concept that more or less corresponds to the factors that distinguish real war from war on paper.
Carl von ClausewitzTo be practical, any plan must take account of the enemy's power to frustrate it.
Carl von ClausewitzThe more a general is accustomed to place heavy demands on his soldiers, the more he can depend on their response.
Carl von ClausewitzOur knowledge of circumstances has increased, but our uncertainty, instead of having diminished, has only increased. The reason of this is, that we do not gain all our experience at once, but by degrees; so our determinations continue to be assailed incessantly by fresh experience; and the mind, if we may use the expression, must always be under arms.
Carl von ClausewitzIf we consider the actual basis of this information [i.e., intelligence], how unreliable and transient it is, we soon realize that war is a flimsy structure that can easily collapse and bury us in its ruins. ... Many intelligence reports in war are contradictory; even more are false, and most are uncertain. This is true of all intelligence but even more so in the heat of battle, where such reports tend to contradict and cancel each other out. In short, most intelligence is false, and the effect of fear is to multiply lies and inaccuracies.
Carl von Clausewitz