I pressed my father's hand and told him I would protect his grave with my life. My father smiled and passed away to the spirit land.

Good words do not last long unless they amount to something.

Let me be a free man, free to travel, free to stop, free to work, free to trade where I choose, free to choose my own teachers, free to follow the religion of my fathers, free to talk, think and act for myself — and I will obey every law or submit to the penalty.

Governor Isaac Stevens of the Washington Territory said there were a great many white people in our country, and many more would come; that he wanted the land marked out so that the Indians and the white man could be separated.

Lawyer acted without authority from our band. He had no right to sell the Wallowa country.

I pressed my father's hand and told him I would protect his grave with my life. My father smiled and passed away to the spirit land.

When I think of our condition, my heart is heavy. I see men of my own race treated as outlaws and driven from country to country, or shot down like animals.