For simplicity one can think of the + class as having one extra base at some point or other in the genetic message and the - class as having one too few.

Trying to determine the structure of a protein by UV spectroscopy was like trying to determine the structure of a piano by listening to the sound it made while being dropped down a flight of stairs.

If revealed religions have revealed anything it is that they are usually wrong.

There is no scientific study more vital to man than the study of his own brain. Our entire view of the universe depends on it.

A good scientist values criticism almost higher than friendship: no, in science criticism is the height and measure of friendship.

I also suspect that many workers in this field [molecular biology] and related fields have been strongly motivated by the desire, rarely actually expressed, to refute vitalism.

If the code does indeed have some logical foundation then it is legitimate to consider all the evidence, both good and bad, in any attempt to deduce it.