The Garden of Eden presents the same story: If you want to make yourself gods, you'll find you're akin to the animals.

We are thrown back on the text, for the most part. Archaeology can give us background. It doesn't either confirm or disprove the Bible, but it may illuminate it.

Furthermore, I think there was, in fact, a celebration of Passover in the era of the Judges in which the epic was recited in the context of the central sanctuary. That tradition was displaced by the Feast of Enthronement beginning in the Solomonic era.

I would not speak of Judaism as a Talmudic or Rabbinic religion. It's a Biblical religion.

There was certainly an old law code which stands behind the earliest form of Deuteronomy. Presumably that is what was lost.

There are surely many legitimate approaches to Biblical literature, and I think that it depends very much on one's experience and temperament which way one deals primarily with Biblical material.

The Bible is one, Old and New, in my particular tradition.