The problem of defining exactly what is meant by the signal velocity, which cropped up as long ago as 1907, has not been solved.

Time has been called God's way of making sure that everything doesn't happen at once. In the same spirit, noise is Nature's way of making sure that we don't find out everything that happens. Noise, in short, is the protector of information.

The switch from 'steam engines' to 'heat engines' signals the transition from engineering practice to theoretical science.

Underneath the shifting appearances of the world as perceived by our unreliable senses, is there, or is there not, a bedrock of objective reality?

The problem of defining exactly what is meant by the signal velocity, which cropped up as long ago as 1907, has not been solved.

If you don't understand something, break it apart; reduce it to its components. Since they are simpler than the whole,you have a much better chance of understanding them; and when you have succeeded in doing that, put the whole thing back together again.

Both induction and deduction, reasoning from the particular and the general, and back again from the universal to the specific, form the essence to scientific thinking.