In fact, an information theory that leaves out the issue of noise turns out to have no content.

Claude Shannon, the founder of information theory, invented a way to measure 'the amount of information' in a message without defining the word 'information' itself, nor even addressing the question of the meaning of the message.

In fact, an information theory that leaves out the issue of noise turns out to have no content.

Numbers instill a feeling for the lie of the land, and furnish grist for the mathematical mill that is the physicist's principal tool.

Science has taught us that what we see and touch is not what is really there.

We don't know what energy is, any more than we know what information is, but as a now robust scientific concept we can describe it in precise mathematical terms, and as a commodity we can measure, market, regulate and tax it.

The problem of defining exactly what is meant by the signal velocity, which cropped up as long ago as 1907, has not been solved.