The principal reason it transforms is that water is a collection of molecules, H2O, every child learns that.And that bond has the property that as the bonds get stronger when you cool water, the ice expands.
Ira FlatowThere's something very magical about water and what happens to it when it freezes. I don't think there's anything else in the world, perhaps in our universe, that is quite like ice.
Ira FlatowH2O it's a complicated, three-dimensional, charged object. And one can pack these things in many different ways, a little like playing the child's game of jacks, where those complicated little objects can be thrown together in all different ways.
Ira FlatowAmorphous forms [of ice], for example, are found naturally on comets, on asteroids, and the crystalline forms are found on Earth or at least could be made on Earth with enough pressure. Nothing else does this.
Ira Flatow