I joined the Army and was sent to the MIT radiation laboratory after a few months of introduction to electromagnetic wave theory in a special course, given for Army personnel at the University of Chicago.

The problem of transmitting scientific knowledge is a very difficult business.

I had no new ideas on the physics we might learn, and I could not compete with the younger generation.

I studied chemical engineering. I was a good student, but these were the hard times of the depression, my scholarship came to an end, and it was necessary to work to supplement the family income.

I remember Nazi election propaganda posters showing a hateful Jewish face with crooked nose.

In 1934, the American Jewish charities offered to find homes for 300 German refugee children. We were on the SS Washington, bound for New York, Christmas 1934.

In the evenings I studied chemistry at the University of Chicago, the weekends I helped in the family store.