A republic, by which I mean a government in which the scheme of representation takes place, opens a different prospect and promises the cure for which we are seeking.

[The public has] the habit now of invalidating opinions emanating from me by reference to my age and infirmities.

The defect of power in the existing confederacy, to regulate the commerce between its several members is in the number of those which have been clearly pointed out by experience . . . . A very material object of this power was the relief of the States which import and export through other States from the improper contributions levied on them by the latter.

In no instance have... the churches been guardians of the liberties of the people.

The States then being the parties to the constitutional compact, and in their sovereign capacity, it follows of necessity, that there can be no tribunal above their authority, to decide in the last resort, whether the compact made by them be violated; and consequently that as the parties to it, they must themselves decide in the last resort, such questions as may be of sufficient magnitude to require their interposition.

No free country has ever been without Parties, which are a natural offspring of freedom.

The future and success of America is not in this Constitution, but in the laws of God upon which this Constitution is founded.