Plato stands for the union of truth and goodness in the supreme idea of God.

The dualism itself becomes a sort of presupposition or datum; its terms condition the further problem.

The development of the meaning attaching to the personal self, the conscious being, is the subject matter of the history of psychology.

The reason of the close concurrence between the individuals progress and that of the race appears, therefore, when we remember the dependence of each upon the other.

Pythagoras took the next important step by subordinating the mere matter of nature to its essential principle of form and order, identifying the latter with reason or the soul.

The prehistorical and primitive period represents the true infancy of the mind.

In the first place, Descartes stands for the most explicit and uncompromising dualism between mind and matter.