The Executive is charged officially in the Departments under it with the disbursement of the public money, and is responsible for the faithful application of it to the purposes for which it is raised. The Legislature is the watchful guardian over the public purse. It is its duty to see that the disbursement has been honestly made.

In wars of the European powers in matters relating to themselves we have never taken any part, nor does it comport with our policy so to do

By the last returns to the Department of War the militia force of the several States may be estimated at 800,000 men - infantry, artillery, and cavalry.

There is every reason to believe that our system will soon attain the highest degree of perfection of which human institutions are capable.

I have great satisfaction in stating that our relations with France, Russia, and other powers continue on the most friendly basis.

In a representative republic, the education of our children must be of the utmost importance!

The right of self-defense never ceases. It is among the most sacred, and alike necessary to nations and to individuals.