In every school, more boys wanted to be remembered as a star athlete than as a brilliant student.

In a high school, the norms act to hold down the achievements of those who are above average, so that the school's demands will be at a level easily maintained by the majority.

The higher the social class of other students the higher any given student's achievement.

In every school, more boys wanted to be remembered as a star athlete than as a brilliant student.

A child's learning is a function more of the characteristics of his classmates than those of the teacher.

Schools are successful only insofar as they reduce the dependence of a child's opportunities upon his social origins.

Cultural dominance of middle-class norms prevail in middle-class schools with a teacher teaching toward those standards and with students striving to maintain those standards.