There is no such thing as a normal period of history. Normality is a fiction of economic textbooks.

Progress is slow partly from mere intellectual inertia. In a subject where there is no agreed procedure for knocking out errors, doctrines have a long life. A professor teaches what he was taught, and his pupils, with a proper respect and reverence for teachers, set up a resistance against his critics for no other reason than that it was he whose pupils they were.

New ideas are difficult just because they are new. Repetition has somehow plastered over the gaps and inconsistencies in the old ones, and the new cannot penetrate.

science progresses by trial and error, and when it is forbidden to admit error there can be no progress.

The only thing worse than being exploited by capitalism is not being exploited by capitalism.

If a rise in wages does not raise prices, a fall will not reduce them.

owning capital is not a productive activity.