I think the idea that a society has to be responsible for all of its citizens, those who do well and those who do not, is really a precondition of a good society.
Kenneth ArrowI don't believe that unemployment is all voluntary, by anticipation of future wage movements or this sort of thing. I know you can modify the models by taking into account the indivisibilities, but I don't really think that people are voluntarily unemployed.
Kenneth ArrowIt seems to me that at least as far as the financial markets are concerned, there is increasing evidence against rational expectations, even at the macro level.
Kenneth ArrowThe trouble is that the risks that are being hedged very well by new financial securities are financial risks. And it appears to me that the real things you want to hedge are real risks, for example, risks in innovation. The fact is that you'd like companies to be able to take bigger chances. Presumably one obstacle to successful R&D, particularly when the costs are large, are the risks involved.
Kenneth ArrowI think one of the things we learned from the physicists and also the theoretical biologists is the idea that when you're dealing with very complex systems you're going to get a large variety of behavior which can be interpreted as hill climbing, but hill climbing with a lot of modifications, hill climbing with big jumps occasionally.
Kenneth Arrow