Clay is molded to form a cup, But it is on its non-being that the utility of the cup depends. Doors and windows are cut out to make a room, But it is on its non-being that the utility of the room depends. Therefore turn being into advantage, and turn non-being into utility.

Clay is used to make vases, but it is the emptiness they contain that makes them useful.

Chanting is no more holy than listening to the murmur of a stream, counting prayer beads no more sacred than simply breathing. . . . If you wish to attain oneness with the Tao, don't get caught up in spiritual superficialities.

A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves.

Being a model to the world, eternal virtue will never falter in you, and you return to the boundless.

Profound virtue is indeed deep and wide. It leads all things back to the great order.

Let muddy water stand and it will become clear.