Markets are not static entities that are 'intervened' in (for good or bad) but are outcomes of public and private interactions.

In my view, the state should be active and work in cooperation with private businesses to spur growth that's sustainable and inclusive. The policy process is about co-creating and co-shaping of markets, creating new opportunities for business investment - and negotiating a better deal for the public too.

Another similarity of Brexit and Trump's campaigns was an attack on so-called elites. This is not so much a failure of capitalism as of its high priests in the economic profession, for which we must all take some responsibility.

My specific concerns with Trump's plans are that they are likely to investments in infrastructure where the private returns are highest (for example toll roads and bridges) rather than where the public gains are greatest.

Germany is using its Energiewende policy as a way of envisioning a green transformation and innovation across many sectors.

An interesting attribute of public banks is that they don't only de-risk the downside, but also get a share of the upside.

The globalized nature of production and innovation means that the benefits don't necessarily stay in the country where the investments are made.