The founders were very worried that if parties developed in America, you might have something like the modern Italian system, where you have 20 different parties that divide Congress and the country and can't govern.
Michael BeschlossAs parties began to develop around the turn of the 19th century, you had party nominees for President nominated in caucuses made up of party members in Congress.
Michael BeschlossThe point is that you see candidates running in these different kinds of contests. A primary shows you something that's different from a state party convention, which shows you something that is different than what a caucus shows you.
Michael BeschlossRoosevelt understands that there are things that are worth surrendering your career for, like defending the country against [Adolf] Hitler.
Michael Beschloss