A suburban mall turned vertical.

The bias among architecture critics isn't against skyscrapers per se, but against the way in which their design is so heavily dictated by economic considerations - the way in which skyscrapers are real estate before they are architecture.

Los Angeles, Houston, Denver, Atlanta: those are all cities that really didn't get big, didn't hit their stride until the 20th century.

New York grew up before the automobile. And even though it's full of cars, its shape and form didn't get created around the automobile.

I try to do everything from thinking about big issues like how a building fits into the larger stream of architectural history to practical issues such as how it feels to navigate your way through its interior.

A suburban mall turned vertical.

For most of the nineteen-seventies, the official route map of the New York City subway system was a beautiful thing.