Although efficient markets people still go around saying there is a "mountain" of evidence supporting their hypothesis, the truth of the matter is that it's a very old mountain that's now eroding rapidly into the sea.

When you buy a lottery ticket, you don't know how tickets have been sold. But sold they have been. And there is an underlying distribution for the game.

So you see, in the end, it is nearly certain that the power of prediction must triumph over the arrogance of elegance.

In real-world Finance, they don't pay for elegance. They pay for power - predictive power.

The cheaper the stock, the better the outlook for future returns.

If we observe the performance of only those funds that remain active, we will tend to find that the average performance of the surviving funds exceeds that of the market.

CAPM also makes use of what is called a "definitional identity." This is something that is automatically true, simply because of the way things have been defined.