When you have increased migration of peoples and ethnic and religious minorities, you develop a set of rules and language the larger society can accept and the minority community can accept.

I don't know what will happen 100 years from now.

Obviously Muslim societies, like societies elsewhere, are becoming increasingly urban, many are becoming industrial, but since so many have oil and gas, they don't have a great impetus. But again, the revenue that natural resources produce gives them the capability and so countries like Iran are beginning to develop an industrial component.

Obviously Pakistan and the U.S. are very different countries, but we have common geopolitical interests in preventing communist take over in Afghanistan and hence, now that Pakistan has a government that we can cooperate with, even though it is a military government, we are working together with them in order to promote our common interests. But obviously we also differ with Pakistan on a number of issues.

I think fundamentalism is this radical attitude toward one's own identity and civilization as compared to other people's identities and cultures.

Maybe Iraq will come back and become the dominant power among Arab countries. That seems to me as conceivable.

I think we can expect leaders of Muslim societies to cooperate with each other on many issues just as Western societies cooperate with each other.