Unlike return, however, risk is no more quantifiable at the end of an investment that it was at its beginning. Risk simply cannot be described by a single number. Intuitively we understand that risk varies from investment to investment: a government bond is not as risky as the stock of a high-technology company. But investments do not provide information about their risks the way food packages provide nutritional data.
Seth KlarmanValue investors have to be patient and disciplined, but what I really think is you need not to be greedy. If you're greedy and you leverage, you blow up. Almost every financial blow up is because of leverage.
Seth KlarmanBeware leverage in all its forms. Borrowers - individual, corporate, or government - should always match fund their liabilities against the duration of their assets. Borrowers must always remember that capital markets can be extremely fickle, and that it is never safe to assume a maturing loan can be rolled over. Even if you are unleveraged, the leverage employed by others can drive dramatic price and valuation swings; sudden unavailability of leverage in the economy may trigger an economic downturn.
Seth KlarmanDon't short many stocks. Instead they hedge for tail risk with CDS and options. They are happy to incur illiquidity
Seth KlarmanThe average person canโt really trust anybody. They canโt trust a broker, because the broker is interested in churning commissions. They canโt trust a mutual fund, because the mutual fund is interested in gathering a lot of assets and keeping them. And now itโs even worse because even the most sophisticated people have no idea whatโs going on.
Seth Klarman