It's nonsensical to derive a price/earnings ratio by dividing the known current price by unknown future earnings.
Benjamin GrahamNo matter how careful you are, the one risk no investor can ever eliminate is the risk of being wrong. Only by insisting on what Graham called the "margin of safety" - never overpaying, no matter how exciting an investment seems to be - can you minimize your odds of error.
Benjamin GrahamHave the courage of your knowledge and experience. If you have formed a conclusion from the facts and if you know your judgment is sound, act on it โ even though others may hesitate or differ.
Benjamin Graham