The Queen is usually reckoned equal, in average situations, to two Rooks and a Pawn, but towards the end of a game she is hardly so valuable as two Rooks.

When a Piece or Pawn is in a situation to be taken by the enemy, it is said to be en prise. To put a piece en prise, is to play it so that it may be captured.

The Bishop and Knight, in contradistinction to the Queen and Rook, are called Minor Pieces.

Be cautious of playing your Queen in front of your King and in subjecting yourself to a discovered check. It is better when check is given to your King to interpose a man that attacks the checking Piece than with one that does not.

The Bishop moves diagonally forwards or backwards, to the extent of the Board.

The game of chess is the most fascinating and intellectual pastime which the wisdom of antiquity has bequeathed to us.

It is the duty of the Umpire to determine all questions submitted to him according to these laws, when they apply, and according to his best judgment when they do not apply.