In all fighting, the direct method may be used for joining battle, but indirect methods will be needed in order to secure victory.

Spies are a most important element in water, because on them depends an army's ability to move.

A wise general makes a point of foraging of the enemy.

Carefully compare the opposing army with your own, so that you may know where strength is superabundant and where it is deficient.

All warfare is based on deception. Therefore, when capable, feign incapacity; when active, inactivity. When near, make it appear that you are far away; when far away, that you are to lure him; feign disorder and strike him. When he concentrates, prepare against him; where he is strong, avoid him. Anger his general and confuse him. Pretend inferiority and encourage his arrogance.

The greatest victory is that which requires no battle.

Rapidity is the essence of war: take advantage of the enemy's unreadiness, make your way by unexpected routes, and attack unguarded spots.