Understand the "Pygmalion Effect": Leaders should always expect the very best of those around them. They know that people can change and grow.

People vary enormously in how they learn. Some learn through their eyes - by reading but also by responding to all kinds of visual information. Others learn mostly through their ears or touch or other senses.

Recognize the skills and traits you don't possess, and hire the people who have them.

I used to think that running an organization was equivalent to conducting a symphony orchestra. But I don't think that's quite it; it's more like jazz. There is more improvisation.

Leaders keep their eyes on the horizon, not just on the bottom line.

Leadership has become a heavy industry. Concern and interest about leadership development is no longer an American phenomenon. It is truly global. Though I will probably be in less demand, I wanted to move on.

To be authentic is literally to be your own author... to discover your own native energies and desires, and then to find your own way of acting on them.