Dysfunctions can occur in each of the self-regulatory subfunctions-in how personal experiences are self-monitored and cognitively processed, in the evaluative self-standards that are adopted, and in the evaluative self-reactions to one's own behavior.. Problems at any one of these points can create self-dissatisfactions and dejection. dysfunctions in all aspects of the self system are most apt to produce the most chronic self-disparagement and despondency

The adequacy of performance attainments depends upon the personal standards against which they are judged

Such self-referent misgivings creates stress and undermine effective use of the competencies people possess by diverting attention from how best to proceed to concern over personal failings and possible mishaps

Forceful actions arising from erroneous beliefs often create social effects that confirm the misbeliefs

[Children] receive direct instruction from time to time about the appropriateness of various social comparisons

Misbeliefs in one's inefficacy may retard development of the very subskills upon which more complex performances depend

Persons who have a strong sense of efficacy deploy their attention and effort to the demands of the situation and are spurred by obstacles to greater effort.