Psychology teaches us at every step that though two types of activity can have the same external manifestation, whether in origin or essence, their nature may differ most profoundly.

What children can do with the assistance of others might be in some sense even more indicative of their mental development than what they can do alone

The true direction of the development of thinking is not from the individual to the social, but from the social to the individual.

Writing should be meaningful for children, Y an intrinsic need should be aroused in them, and Y writing should be incorporated into a task that is necessary and relevant.

The child begins to perceive the world not only through his [or her] eyes but also through his [or her] speech

The distance between the actual developmental level as determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential development as determined through problem solving under adult guidance or in collaboration with more capable peers

Psychology teaches us at every step that though two types of activity can have the same external manifestation, whether in origin or essence, their nature may differ most profoundly.