Arousal leaves us mind-blind.

being able to act intelligently and instinctively in the moment is possible only after a long and rigorous of education and experience

Does that mean we should give up? Probably. But there are two issues worth considering. The first is - is it really true that drugs destroy the integrity of the game?

As human beings, we always expect everyday change to happen slowly and steadily, and for there to be some relationship between cause and effect.

There is more going on beneath the surface than we think, and more going on in little, finite moments of time than we would guess.

So long as the stereotype is used as a way of understanding how to fix the problem as opposed to demonizing a people or writing them off, then I think it's OK.

If there is one thing I learned by reading Epstein's "The Sports Gene" it is that world-class athletes are, by definition, abnormal: that is, the kind of person capable of competing at that level is necessarily very different from the rest of us physiologically. They are outliers.