Adolescence in my growing up period was truly "Happy Days," the title of a TV show connotating the quality of this life period.

Our teenage "druggies" are habituated to drugs rather than addicted. While beer and other alcoholic beverages are preferred drugs, kids have simply not used alcohol long enough to become addicted. The other drug of preference - marijuana - is not addictive.

Second, the only proven technique for treatment for chemically dependent people involves use of a spiritual program of self-change.

If his/her siblings and parents are not treated and he/she is strong enough to continue the recovery, a sibling will take up the "druggie" role.

Adolescence in my growing up period was truly "Happy Days," the title of a TV show connotating the quality of this life period.

As the therapeutic relationship is established and progress occurs in problem areas, the therapist can "lead" and "push" the adolescent toward abstract reasoning skill.

Second, I use inference from technical studies and theories in order to provide practical information for therapists. Those thoughts are several steps removed from scientific validity.