Too many companies believe people are interchangeable. Truly gifted people never are. They have unique talents. Such people cannot be forced into roles they are not suited for, nor should they be. Effective leaders allow great people to do the work they were born to do.

Understand the "Pygmalion Effect": Leaders should always expect the very best of those around them. They know that people can change and grow.

We must move from ... the primacy of technology toward considerations of social justice and equity, from the dictates of organizational convenience toward the aspirations ofself realization and learning, from authoritarianism and dogmatism toward more participation, from uniformity and centralization toward diversity and pluralism, from the concept of work as hard and unavoidable, from life as nasty, brutish, and short toward work as purpose and self~fulfillment, a recognition of leisure as a valid activity in itself.

Manage the dream: Create a compelling vision, one that takes people to a new place, and then translate that vision into a reality.

That is the key challenge facing management today; change is the only constant.

There are two ways of being creative. One can sing and dance. Or one can create an environment in which singers and dancers flourish.

This duality, making yourself better while teaching and developing others' judgment capabilities, is the key to leadership that is both productive and principled.