Some empirical feelings, such as sympathy, are indispensable parts of certain moral virtues.

We can't coherently deny, or even decline to affirm, that we are free.

We usually can't know how, and we probably should not even ask, how our lives contribute to a better world.

If being "iron headed" is to be lacking such feelings, then Kant's position is that an ironheaded person could not be a moral agent because such a person would not be rational.

Descartes recommended that we distrust the senses and rely on the ... use of our intellect.

Smith could not be expected to have anticipated the horrors that were to come. But even in his own time, he was a defender of certain state actions that he thought necessary in order to safeguard the good effects of commercial society (Smith did not speak of 'capitalism' and was acquainted only with an early undeveloped form of it). Among these state actions the chief was general public education.

We cannot predict the effects of our actions, especially our collective actions over generations or centuries, to use instrumental reasoning toward these big final ends to tell us what we ought to do.