The Pawn moves only one square at a time, and that straight forward, except in the act of capturing, when it takes one step diagonally to the right or left file on to the square occupied by the man taken, and continues on that file until it captures another man.

The Chess-board must be placed with a white square at the right-hand corner.

If, during the course of the game, it be discovered that any error or illegality has been committed in the moves of the pieces, the moves must be retraced, and the necessary correction made, without penalty.

The Queen is by much the most powerful of the forces.

Be cautious of playing your Queen in front of your King and in subjecting yourself to a discovered check. It is better when check is given to your King to interpose a man that attacks the checking Piece than with one that does not.

To play with correctness and skill the ends of games, is an important but a very rare accomplishment, expect among the magnates of the game.

When neither party can give checkmate, the game is drawn