The bases for historical knowledge are not empirical facts but written texts, even if these texts masquerade in the guise of wars or revolutions.
Paul de ManLiterature exists at the same time in the modes of error and truth; it both betrays and obeys its own mode of being.
Paul de ManThe writer's language is to some degree the product of his own action; he is both the historian and the agent of his own language.
Paul de ManModernity exists in the form of a desire to wipe out whatever came earlier, in the hope of reaching at least a point that could be called a true present, a point of origin that marks a new departure.
Paul de ManFashion is like the ashes left behind by the uniquely shaped flames of the fire, the trace alone revealing that a fire actually took place.
Paul de ManWhat we call ideology is precisely the confusion of linguistic with natural reality, of reference with phenomenalism
Paul de ManLiterature... is condemned (or privileged) to be forever the most rigorous and, consequently, the most reliable of terms in which man names and transforms himself.
Paul de ManThe ambivalence of writing is such that it can be considered both an act and an interpretive process that follows after an act with which it cannot coincide. As such, it both affirms and denies its own nature.
Paul de Man