Leaders wonder about everything, want to learn as much as they can, are willing to take risks, experiment, try new things. They do not worry about failure but embrace errors, knowing they will learn from them.

If you're the leader, you've got to give up your omniscient and omnipotent fantasies - that you know and must do everything. Learn how to abandon your ego to the talents of others.

You are your own raw material. When you know what you consist of and what you want to make of it, then you can invent yourself.

People who know what they want and why they want it, and have the skills to communicate that to others in a way that gains support

Organizations have to come to grips with the fact that tests of adaptive capability aren't always pleasant. Learning can be a powerful emotional event, and organizations have to be cognizant of that. They must understand that those who complete high-quality executive education programs are going to see the organization with fresh eyes after they return. Those who re-enter the workplace filled with new enthusiasm and new ideas often find a chilly response on the part of their supervisors.

First and foremost, effective leaders must continuously strive to make themselves smarter and better at making judgments.

All claims deserve consideration but some claims are more important than others.