I think that notion of leadership is bankrupt.

Progress on problems is the measure of leadership; leaders mobilize people to face problems, and communities make progress on problems because leaders challenge them and help them to do so.

The activity of interpreting might be understood as listening for the 'song beneath the words.

And leadership then is about mobilizing and engaging the people with the problem rather than trying to anesthetize them so you can go off and solve it on your own.

Values are shaped and refined by rubbing against real problems, and people interpret their problems according to the values they hold.

Your behavior reflects your actual purposes.

Knowing how the environment is pulling your strings and playing you is critical to making responsive rather than reactive moves.